The Islamic Ruling on Consuming the Meat of Donkeys, Mules, and Horses
What has come concerning the foods, 11th Lesson | Benefits from Muntaqaa Ibn Al-Jarood
بســـم اللــه الرحــمــن الـرحـــيــم
Our Shaykh, the ‘Allaamah, the Sincere Advisor, Abu ‘Abdirrahman Yahya bin ‘Ali Al-Hajoori – may Allaah preserve him –
The prohibition of eating the meat of the domestic donkey
The Hadith
883 – Muhammad bin Yahya narrated to us, he said Muhammad bin ‘Ubaid narrated to us, he said ‘Ubaidullah narrated to us on the authority of Naafi’ and Saalim on the authority of Ibn ‘Umar, may Allaah be pleased with them, that the Messenger of Allaah ﷺ prohibited the eating of the meat of the domestic donkey.
Men of the chain
- Muhammad bin Yahya: He is adh-Dhuhlee
- ‘Ubaidullah: He is ‘Ubaidullah al-Umri, trustworthy, the brother of ‘Abdullah who has weakness with him.
- On the authority of Naafi’ and Saalim: Naafi’ is more in hadith and Saalim is more stronger (narrating from) his father.
The chain of the hadeeth with the author is authentic and the Hadith is in the two Saheehs (Bukhari and Muslim)
Explanation of the Hadith
And this is one of the hadiths concerning the prohibition of eating the meat of the domestic donkey and there are many hadeeths which have reached the level of tuwaatur (many chains of narrations).
Benefit
It is not allowed to eat the meat of the domestic donkey, and it is also called an Insiyyah (belonging to men) which is kept at the houses.
➡️ Benefit
Ibn Daqeeq Al-‘Eid: *There is no difference in the permissibility of eating the meat of the wild donkey (zebra). The wild donkey is permissible by authentic evidence and consensus.
➡️ Benefit
Hadith Ghalib bin Abjar concerning the permissibility of the meat of the domestic donkey and that it was only prohibited because it eats impurities is weak in it’s chain of narration and munkar (rejected) in it’s text and it opposes the authentic hadiths and it has been established in authentic hadiths that the reason for its prohibition is because it is unclean.
🔹 The reason for the prohibition of the domestic donkey:
- ↪️ 1 – It is said because it roams around the village as in the hadith of Ghalib, and this reason is incorrect, because not all donkeys roam around and because roaming is not specific to donkeys rather even camels.
- 2 – It is said because it wasn’t split for the warbooty and this statement is rejected as it is not specific to it.
- 3 – It is said because it carries the people, so eating it was prohibited, in order that their backs do not decrease, and this is not correct, as they (people) are also in need of camels and they are permissible.
- 4 – It is said because it is unclean in and of itself, and this is the correct reason which the Messenger of Allaah ﷺ stated.
The forthcoming lesson….👇🏾📚
The prohibition of eating the meat of the mule
The third hadith
Al-Hasan bin Muhammad Az-Za’faraani narrated to us, he said ‘Affaan narrated to us, he said Hammaad narrated to us, on the authority of Az-Zubair, on the authority of Jaabir may Allaah be pleased with them said: “We slaughtered on the day of Khaibar a horse and a mule and a donkey, so the Messenger of Allaah ﷺ prohibited from the mule and the donkey, and didn’t prohibit from the horse.”
The chain of the hadith with the author is authentic
The fourth hadith
885 – az-Za’faraani narrated to us, he said Affaan narrated to us, he said Hammaad bin Zaid narrated to us, he said Amr bin Dinar narrated to us, on the authority of Muhammad bin Alee, on the authority of Jaabir, may Allaah be pleased with them, that the Messenger of Allaah ﷺ prohibited on the day of Khaibar the meat of donkey and permitted the meat of the horse.
The chain of the hadith with the author is authentic and it is agreed upon (Bukhari and Muslim)
➡️ Benefit
They mentioned that the heat of the meat of the horse is severe on the skin of human beings.
The fifth hadith
886 – Abdullah bin Haashim narrated to us, he said Yahya narrated to us on the authority of Hishaam -meaning- ibn ‘Urwah, on the authority of Faatimah, on the authority of Asma, may Allaah be pleased with them, said: “We ate the meat of the horse during the time of the Prophet ﷺ. “
The chain of hadith with the author is authentic
Men of the chain
- Abdullah bin Hishaam: He is Ibn Hayyaan Al-Abdiy
- Hishaam: He is Ibn ‘Urwah
- Faatimah: She is the daughter of Munthir, and the wife of Hishaam, and cousin and teacher.
- On the authority of Asmaa: She is the daughter of Abee Bakr the sister of Aa’ishah on her father’s side, may Allaah be pleased with them.
➡️ Benefit
The Hadith of Khalid bin Al-Waleed, may Allaah be pleased with him, concerning the prohibition of the meat of the horse is weak, in the chain are unknown individuals, and in the text there is a strangiality.
🔹 Most of the people of knowledge are on the permissibility of eating the meat of the horse and it’s fat and it has been reported on the authority of Ibn ‘Abbaas, may Allah be pleased with them, the statement of it being disliked (makruh) and this has not been (authentically) established from him.
🔹Benefit
The ‘Awaam of the people of knowledge, meaning the majority of them, most of them.
🔹Benefit
As-Sabu’ is impermissible, and it is a mixed breed of wolf and hyena.
🔹Benefit
The statements of the scholars are used with the proofs and not used as a proof.
🔹Issue
Ibn Al-Munthir said in Al-Ishraaf: “So it is not permissible to eat the donkey or mule due to the authentic hadiths from the Messenger of Allaah ﷺ that he prohibited it and it’s the position of the majority of the people of knowledge.
➡️ It is impermissible to eat the meat of the mule and an-Nakha’i said: “The mule is the offspring of the donkey.”
➡️ Benefit
The mix breed of permissible and impermissible is impermissible and the proof is the (hadith of) mule and hyena
Ibn Qudaamah said in Mughni, “The meat of the horse can be eaten.” Ibn Hazm said:”We do not know anyone that stated the impermissibility of eating the horse except a narration from Ibn ‘Abbaas which is not authentic.
Transcribed to Arabic and summarised by:
By Hamood Ath-Thawaabi
may Allah reward him with good
on the 20th, Thil-Hijjah, 1439H
Translated by:
Abu ‘Abdillah ‘Omar bin Yahya Al-‘Akawi