Question: How is it to kill a snake or scorpion, etc., during prayer, or to signal to stop someone from an action? For example, in homes, mothers often clear their throats to stop children from doing something harmful during prayer.
Also, what are the matters that are permissible to do during prayer? And which do not invalidate the prayer? Please answer in detail.
Answer..!
Alhamdulillah..!
In the pure Sharia, Salah (Prayer) is an important and fundamental pillar of the religion of Islam. Strict emphasis has been placed on its performance, and severe warnings have been issued for those who abandon it. Not only were warnings issued for those who abandon prayer, but Allah says in the Quran in Surah Al-Ma’un that there is destruction even for those who pray [who are negligent], because in prayer, a Muslim is conversing with Allah. Therefore, Allah does not like it at all that His servant, while conversing with his Lord, engages in any other matter or turns his attention elsewhere.
Therefore, all those worshippers who are negligent in their prayers—such as praying sometimes and missing it other times, praying for show, starting worldly tasks during prayer, deliberately not paying attention during prayer, deliberately getting lost in other thoughts, or talking during prayer, etc.—should come to their senses…!
This severe Quranic warning shows that prayer has immense importance in the religion of Islam. Therefore, matters that destroy or reduce the humility and concentration (Khushoo and Khuzu) of prayer have been prohibited. However, at the same time, permission has been granted for a few matters which, being human, were a compelling necessity for us.
We will present their details here, Insha’Allah.
Sunan Abu Dawood
Book: Prayer
Chapter: Actions during prayer
Hadith Number: 921
حَدَّثَنَا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ ضَمْضَمِ بْنِ جَوْسٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: اقْتُلُوا الْأَسْوَدَيْنِ فِي الصَّلَاةِ: الْحَيَّةَ وَالْعَقْرَبَ.
Translation:
Abu Hurairah (RA) says that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Kill the two black ones during prayer: the snake and the scorpion (if you see them).
Takhrij Darussalam:
Sunan Tirmidhi/Salah 170 (390), Sunan An-Nasa’i/Sahw 12 (1203), Sunan Ibn Majah/Iqamat as-Salah 146 (1245), (Tuhfat al-Ashraf: 13513), Also narrated in: Musnad Ahmad (2/233, 255, 273, 275, 284, 490), Sunan Darimi/Salah 178 (1545) (Sahih)
Sahih Bukhari
Book: Prayer
Chapter: Concerning if someone carries a young girl on his neck during prayer, what is the ruling?
Hadith Number: 516
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ ، عَنْ عَامِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ الزُّرَقِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ ، أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ يُصَلِّي وَهُوَ حَامِلٌ أُمَامَةَ بِنْتَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَلِأَبِي الْعَاصِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ، فَإِذَا سَجَدَ وَضَعَهَا وَإِذَا قَامَ حَمَلَهَا.
Translation:
Narrated to us by Abdullah bin Yusuf Al-Tinnisi, who said Imam Malik informed us from Amir bin Abdullah bin Zubair (RA), from Amr bin Sulaim Al-Zuraqi, from Abu Qatadah Al-Ansari (RA) that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to pray while carrying Umamah bint Zainab bint Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) (sometimes). In the narration of Abu Al-Aas bin Rabi’ah bin Abd Shams, it is stated that when he prostrated, he would put her down, and when he stood up, he would carry her.
Sunan Abu Dawood
Book: Prayer
Chapter: Returning a greeting during prayer
Hadith Number: 927
حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عِيسَى الْخُرَاسَانِيُّ الدَّامِغَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَوْنٍ، حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا نَافِعٌ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ، يَقُولُ: خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى قُبَاءَ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ، قَالَ: فَجَاءَتْهُ الْأَنْصَارُ، فَسَلَّمُوا عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي، قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ لِبِلَالٍ: كَيْفَ رَأَيْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِمْ حِينَ كَانُوا يُسَلِّمُونَ عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي ؟ قَالَ: يَقُولُ هَكَذَا: وَبَسَطَ كَفَّهُ، وَبَسَطَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَوْنٍ كَفَّهُ، وَجَعَلَ بَطْنَهُ أَسْفَلَ، وَجَعَلَ ظَهْرَهُ إِلَى فَوْقٍ.
Translation:
Abdullah bin Umar (RA) says that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) went to Quba to pray there. He says: The Ansar came to him and greeted him while he was in prayer. He says: I asked Bilal (RA): How did you see the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) replying to them when they were greeting him while he was praying? Bilal (RA) said: He was doing like this, and Bilal (RA) spread his palm. Ja’far bin Awn spread his palm, keeping its inner side downwards and its back upwards.
Takhrij Darussalam:
Sunan Tirmidhi/Salah 155 (368), (Tuhfat al-Ashraf: 2038, 8512), Also narrated in: Musnad Ahmad (6/12) (Hasan Sahih)
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Saeed Al-Khudri (RA) that a Companion greeted the Prophet (ﷺ) while he was praying. The Prophet (ﷺ) replied with a gesture and after finishing the prayer said:
“We used to reply to the greeting (verbally) in prayer before, then we were forbidden from it.”
(Silsilah Al-Ahadith As-Sahihah by Al-Albani – 2917)
During prayer, if someone sneezes, they should try to sneeze quietly and then may say “Alhamdulillah” in a low voice, as mentioned in the following Hadiths:
Sunan Abu Dawood
Book: Manners (Adab)
Chapter: Sneezing
Hadith Number: 5029
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، عَنْ ابْنِ عَجْلَانَ، عَنْ سُمَيٍّ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا عَطَسَ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ، أَوْ ثَوْبَهُ عَلَى فِيهِ، وَخَفَضَ أَوْ غَضَّ بِهَا صَوْتَهُ، شَكَّ يَحْيَى.
Translation:
Abu Hurairah (RA) says that when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) sneezed, he would place his hand or his garment over his mouth and lower his voice.
Takhrij Darussalam: Sunan Tirmidhi/Al-Adab 6 (2745), (Tuhfat al-Ashraf: 12581), Also narrated in: Musnad Ahmad (2/439) (Hasan Sahih)
Jami Tirmidhi
Book: Prayer
Chapter: The one who sneezes in prayer
Hadith Number: 404
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا رِفَاعَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ رِفَاعَةَ بْنِ رَافِعٍ الزُّرَقِيُّ، عَنْ عَمِّ أَبِيهِ مُعَاذِ بْنِ رِفَاعَةَ، عَنْأَبِيهِ، قَالَ: صَلَّيْتُ خَلْفَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَعَطَسْتُ، فَقُلْتُ: الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ حَمْدًا كَثِيرًا طَيِّبًا مُبَارَكًا فِيهِ مُبَارَكًا عَلَيْهِ كَمَا يُحِبُّ رَبُّنَا وَيَرْضَى، فَلَمَّا صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ انْصَرَفَ، فَقَالَ: مَنِ الْمُتَكَلِّمُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ ؟ فَلَمْ يَتَكَلَّمْ أَحَدٌ ثُمَّ قَالَهَا الثَّانِيَةَ: مَنِ الْمُتَكَلِّمُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ ؟ فَلَمْ يَتَكَلَّمْ أَحَدٌ ثُمَّ قَالَهَا الثَّالِثَةَ: مَنِ الْمُتَكَلِّمُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَقَالَ رِفَاعَةُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ ابْنُ عَفْرَاءَ: أَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، قَالَ: كَيْفَ قُلْتَ ؟ قَالَ: قُلْتُ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ حَمْدًا كَثِيرًا طَيِّبًا مُبَارَكًا فِيهِ مُبَارَكًا عَلَيْهِ كَمَا يُحِبُّ رَبُّنَا وَيَرْضَى، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَقَدِ ابْتَدَرَهَا بِضْعَةٌ وَثَلَاثُونَ مَلَكًا أَيُّهُمْ يَصْعَدُ بِهَا . قَالَ: وَفِي الْبَاب عَنْ أَنَسٍ، وَائِلِ بْنِ حُجْرٍ، وَعَامِرِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ، قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى: حَدِيثُ رِفَاعَةَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ، وَكَأَنَّ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عِنْدَ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّهُ فِي التَّطَوُّعِ، لِأَنَّ غَيْرَ وَاحِدٍ مِنَ التَّابِعِينَ، قَالُوا: إِذَا عَطَسَ الرَّجُلُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ الْمَكْتُوبَةِ إِنَّمَا يَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ فِي نَفْسِهِ وَلَمْ يُوَسِّعُوا فِي أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ.
Translation:
Rifa’ah bin Rafi’ (RA) says: I prayed behind the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). I sneezed, so I said: «الحمد لله حمدا کثيرا طيبا مبارکا فيه مبارکا عليه كما يحب ربنا ويرضی»
When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) finished the prayer and turned, he asked: “Who was speaking during the prayer?” No one answered. Then he asked a second time: “Who was speaking during the prayer?” No one answered. Then he asked a third time: “Who was speaking during the prayer?”
So Rifa’ah bin Rafi’ Ibn Afra (RA) said: “It was I, O Messenger of Allah!”
He asked: “What did you say?” He said: “I said: ‘Alhamdulillah hamdan kathiran tayyiban mubarakan fihi mubarakan alayhi kama yuhibbu Rabbuna wa yarda’.”
The Prophet (ﷺ) said: “By the One in Whose Hand is my soul, thirty-odd angels hastened to see which of them would ascend with it.”
Imam Tirmidhi says:
1- The Hadith of Rifa’ah is Hasan (Good).
2- In this chapter, there are also Hadiths from Anas, Wa’il bin Hujr, and Amir bin Rabi’ah (RA).
3- According to some scholars, this incident is regarding voluntary (Nafl) prayer, because many of the Tabi’in said: If a man sneezes in the obligatory (Farḍ) prayer, he should only praise Allah within himself (silently), and they did not allow more than that.
Takhrij Darussalam:
Sunan Abu Dawood/Salah 121 (773), Sunan An-Nasa’i/Al-Iftitah 36 (932), (Tuhfat al-Ashraf: 3606), Also see: Sahih Bukhari/Al-Adhan 126 (799), Sunan Abu Dawood/Salah 121 (770), Sunan An-Nasa’i/Al-Tatbiq 22 (1063), Muwatta/Quran 7 (25), Musnad Ahmad (4/340) (Sahih) (Isnad is Hasan, but due to supporting evidences the Hadith is Sahih).
Clarification:
Hafiz Ibn Hajar (May Allah have mercy on him) states in Fath al-Bari: “Bishr bin Umar Al-Zahrani benefited us in his narration from Rifa’ah bin Yahya that that prayer was Maghrib.” This narration refutes those who interpreted it as a Nafl prayer. However, other narrations indicate that the Companion said these words while rising from Ruku’, and he also sneezed at that time. The reconciliation of all authentic narrations and the opinions of scholars in this regard is that if one sneezes during prayer, he should say Alhamdulillah to himself (silently) instead of loudly.
Sheikh Al-Albani said: Hasan, Sahih Abi Dawood (747), Al-Mishkat (992).
Sahih and Da’eef Sunan Tirmidhi Al-Albani: Hadith Number 404.
Imam Tirmidhi (May Allah have mercy on him) clarified after this Hadith that the sneezer can utter these words quietly; one should not be too expansive in this.
Imam Shawkani (May Allah have mercy on him) wrote that this Hadith indicates saying Alhamdulillah upon sneezing during prayer.
This is also supported by another Hadith:
Narrated by Mu’awiyah bin Hakam As-Sulami (RA), he said: I was praying with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) when a man among the people sneezed, so I said: “YarhamukAllah” (May Allah have mercy on you). The people started staring at me. I said (to myself): “May my mother lose me! What is wrong with you all that you are staring at me?” Then they began striking their hands on their thighs. When I saw that they were silencing me (I felt strange), but I remained silent. When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) finished the prayer—may my father and mother be sacrificed for him! I have never seen a teacher better than him before or after him! By Allah, he did not scold me, nor beat me, nor revile me. He said: “This is prayer; no human speech is fitting in it. It is only Tasbeeh, Takbeer, and recitation of the Quran.”
(Sahih Muslim, International Hadith Number-537)
From this Hadith, it is known that the sneezer can say Alhamdulillah because the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) did not say anything to him [the sneezer]. However, replying to a sneeze is not permissible in prayer, as the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) explicitly told Mu’awiyah bin Hakam (RA).
In any case, if the one sneezing during prayer says Alhamdulillah quietly, it is permissible, but replying to the sneeze in prayer is not correct.
Sunan Abu Dawood
Book: Prayer
Chapter: Actions during prayer
Hadith Number: 922
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، وَمُسَدَّدٌ، وَهَذَا لَفْظُهُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ الْمُفَضَّلِ، حَدَّثَنَا بُرْدٌ، عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْعُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ،عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ أَحْمَدُ: يُصَلِّي وَالْبَابُ عَلَيْهِ مُغْلَقٌ فَجِئْتُ فَاسْتَفْتَحْتُ، قَالَ أَحْمَدُ: فَمَشَى، فَفَتَحَ لِي، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى مُصَلَّاهُ. وَذَكَرَ أَنَّ الْبَابَ كَانَ فِي الْقِبْلَةِ.
Translation:
Mother of the Believers Aisha (RA) says that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was praying and the door was locked. I came and asked for the door to be opened. He walked (while in prayer) and opened the door for me, then returned to his place of prayer. Urwah mentioned that the door of his house was in the direction of the Qibla.
Takhrij Darussalam: Sunan Tirmidhi/Salah 304 (Al-Jumu’ah 68), (601) Sunan An-Nasa’i/Sahw 14 (1207), (Tuhfat al-Ashraf: 16417), Also narrated in: Musnad Ahmad (6/31, 183, 234) (Hasan)
Clarification: From this, it is clearly known that walking a little for a necessity or opening a door etc., does not break the prayer.
Sunan An-Nasa’i
Book: The Book of the Commencement of the Prayer
Chapter: Weeping during prayer
Hadith Number: 1215
أَخْبَرَنَا سُوَيْدُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، قَالَ: أَنْبَأَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ، عَنْ حَمَّادِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ الْبُنَانِيِّ، عَنْ مُطَرِّفٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي وَلِجَوْفِهِ أَزِيزٌ كَأَزِيزِ الْمِرْجَلِ يَعْنِي: يَبْكِي.
Translation:
Abdullah bin Ash-Shikhir (RA) says: I came to the Prophet (ﷺ) while he was praying, and a sound was coming from his chest like the boiling of a pot, meaning he was weeping.
Takhrij Darussalam:
Sunan Abu Dawood/Salah 161 (904), Sunan Tirmidhi/Ash-Shama’il 44 (305), (Tuhfat al-Ashraf: 5347), Musnad Ahmad 4/25, 26 (Sahih)
Clarification: From this, the permissibility of crying in prayer out of the fear of Allah is proven.
Sheikh Al-Albani said: Sahih.
Sahih and Da’eef Sunan An-Nasa’i Al-Albani: Hadith Number 1214.
Sahih Bukhari
Book: Prayer
Chapter: If there is spit in the mosque, it is necessary to scrape it off with the hand.
Hadith Number: 405
حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ ، أَنّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَأَى نُخَامَةً فِي الْقِبْلَةِ، فَشَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى رُئِيَ فِي وَجْهِهِ، فَقَامَ فَحَكَّهُ بِيَدِهِ، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ إِذَا قَامَ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَإِنَّهُ يُنَاجِي رَبَّهُ أَوْ إِنَّ رَبَّهُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْقِبْلَةِ، فَلَا يَبْزُقَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ قِبَلَ قِبْلَتِهِ، وَلَكِنْ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ أَوْ تَحْتَ قَدَمَيْهِ، ثُمَّ أَخَذَ طَرَفَ رِدَائِهِ فَبَصَقَ فِيهِ، ثُمَّ رَدَّ بَعْضَهُ عَلَى بَعْضٍ، فَقَالَ: أَوْ يَفْعَلُ هَكَذَا.
Translation:
Narrated to us by Qutaibah, who said narrated to us by Ismail bin Ja’far, from Humaid, from Anas bin Malik (RA) that the Prophet (ﷺ) saw sputum in the direction of the Qibla (on the wall), which displeased him so much that the displeasure was visible on his face. So he stood up and scraped it off with his hand and said: “When one of you stands in his prayer, he is conversing with his Lord, or his Lord is between him and the Qibla. Therefore, none of you should spit towards his Qibla. But he may spit to his left or under his feet.” Then he took the corner of his sheet, spat in it, folded it over, and said: “Or he may do like this.”
Remember, spit, phlegm, and nasal secretions are not impure (Najis), but they are completely contrary to cleanliness and hygiene. Respect and reverence for the Qibla, mosques, and other sacred places are extremely necessary; their dignity should not be harmed. Therefore, no person should spit in the mosque, and especially spitting towards the Qibla is disrespectful and a sin. However, if a need arises, such as a sneeze or a cough with phlegm, then one should spit into their handkerchief, sheet, or shirt etc. Previously, mosques were unpaved (mud/sand), so the Prophet (ﷺ) gave permission to spit under the left foot. Nowadays, since there are carpets etc., it is necessary to take care of the mosque’s cleanliness. If someone spits in the mosque out of necessity or forgetfulness, its expiation is to clean it thoroughly.
Sahih Muslim
Book: Prayer
Chapter: Prohibition of passing in front of a person praying
International Hadith Number-506
Islam 360 Hadith Number: 1130
حَدَّثَنِي هَارُونُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَعِيلَ ابْنِ أَبِي فُدَيْکٍ عَنْ الضَّحَّاکِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَنْ صَدَقَةَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ إِذَا کَانَ أَحَدُکُمْ يُصَلِّي فَلَا يَدَعْ أَحَدًا يَمُرُّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَإِنْ أَبَی فَلْيُقَاتِلْهُ فَإِنَّ مَعَهُ الْقَرِينَ
Translation:
Narrated by Abdullah (RA) bin Umar (RA) that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: When one of you is praying, he should not let anyone pass in front of him. If he refuses, then he should fight him, for indeed with him is the Qareen (Devil/Companion).
However, when there is a Sutrah (barrier) like a wall, pillar, or any raised object in front of the person praying, there is no harm in passing beyond the Sutrah.
Similarly, if a person is praying without a Sutrah, place a Sutrah in front of him or hold him and make him stand right or left in front of a Sutrah.
As it is in a narration that..!
Qurra bin Iyas says:
Umar saw me praying between two pillars, so he caught me and brought me close to a Sutrah and said: «صَلِّ إِلَيْهَا» “Pray towards it.” (Meaning behind the Sutrah).
(Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah, Book of Voluntary Prayer and Imamate and Miscellaneous Chapters, Chapter: One who disliked praying between pillars, Hadith Number_7502)12345678
(For more details on the importance and necessity of Sutrah for a person praying, see Series Number-5 and 6)910111213141516
9_ If the Imam forgets during recitation, it is permissible for the follower (Muqtadi) to correct the Imam’s recitation.
Sunan Abu Dawood
Book: Prayer
Chapter: Prompting (giving a morsel to) the Imam
Hadith Number: 907
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ، وَسُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ، قَالَا: أَخْبَرَنَا مَرْوَانُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنْ يَحْيَى الْكَاهِلِيِّ، عَنْ الْمُسَوَّرِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ الْأَسَدِيِّ الْمَالِكِيِّ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: يَحْيَى، وَرُبَّمَا قَالَ: شَهِدْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقْرَأُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ، فَتَرَكَ شَيْئًا لَمْ يَقْرَأْهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، تَرَكْتَ آيَةَ كَذَا وَكَذَا، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: هَلَّا أَذْكَرْتَنِيهَا. قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ: قَالَ: كُنْتُ أُرَاهَا نُسِخَتْ. وقَالَسُلَيْمَانُ: قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ كَثِيرٍ الْأَزْدِيُّ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْمُسَوَّرُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْأَسَدِيُّ الْمَالِكِيُّ.
Translation:
Miswar bin Yazid Al-Maliki (RA) says that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was reciting in prayer (in Yahya’s narration, Miswar said: I saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) reciting in prayer), and he omitted some verses and did not recite them. (After the prayer) a man said to him: “O Messenger of Allah! You left out such and such verses.” Upon this, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Why did you not remind me of them?”
Sulaiman said in his narration: He (the man) said: “I thought they were abrogated.”
In Sulaiman’s narration, it states: Yahya bin Kathir Al-Azdi told me, he said: Miswar bin Yazid Al-Asadi Al-Maliki told us.
Abdullah bin Umar (RA) says that the Prophet (ﷺ) prayed and recited in it, but he became confused. When he finished the prayer, he asked Ubayy bin Ka’b (RA): “Did you pray with us?” Ubayy said: “Yes.” The Prophet (ﷺ) said: “What prevented you (from prompting/correcting me)?”
Takhrij Darussalam:
Narrated only by Abu Dawood, (Tuhfat al-Ashraf: 6766, 11280), Also narrated in: Musnad Ahmad (4/74) (Hasan)
Observe the Hadith:
Sahih Bukhari
Book: Shortening the Prayers
Chapter: Clapping, meaning striking hand upon hand, is only for women.
Hadith Number: 1203
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، حَدَّثَنَا الزُّهْرِيُّ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: التَّسْبِيحُ لِلرِّجَالِ وَالتَّصْفِيقُ لِلنِّسَاءِ.
Translation:
Narrated to us by Ali bin Abdullah Al-Madini, he said narrated to us by Sufyan bin Uyainah, he said narrated to us by Al-Zuhri, from Abu Salamah, and from Abu Hurairah (RA) that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: (If something happens during prayer) men should say SubhanAllah and women should strike hand upon hand. (Meaning, they should inform the Imam by clapping. Note: Clapping is not done with palms facing each other, but by striking the right hand on the back of the left hand).
Sahih Bukhari
Book: Call to Prayers (Adhan)
Chapter: If one did not intend to lead the prayer at the start, then some people came and he started leading them (what is the ruling?).
Hadith Number: 699
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، قَالَ: بِتُّ عِنْدَ خَالَتِي فَقَامَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُصَلِّي مِنَ اللَّيْلِ، فَقُمْتُ أُصَلِّي مَعَهُ فَقُمْتُ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ فَأَخَذَ بِرَأْسِي فَأَقَامَنِي عَنْ يَمِينِهِ.
Translation:
Narrated to us by Musaddad bin Musarhad, he said narrated to us by Ismail bin Ibrahim from Ayyub Sakhtiyani, from Abdullah bin Saeed bin Jubair, from his father, from Ibn Abbas (RA) that he said: I spent the night at the house of my aunt Maimuna (RA). The Prophet (ﷺ) stood up to pray during the night, so I also stood up to pray with him. I stood on his left side (by mistake). Then he caught hold of my head and made me stand on his right side (so that I would stand correctly).
Sahih Bukhari
Book: Shortening the Prayers
Chapter: Gesturing in prayer.
Hadith Number: 1235
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا الثَّوْرِيُّ ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ ، عَنْ فَاطِمَةَ ، عَنْ أَسْمَاءَ ، قَالَتْ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا وَهِيَ تُصَلِّي قَائِمَةً وَالنَّاسُ قِيَامٌ، فَقُلْتُ: مَا شَأْنُ النَّاسِ، فَأَشَارَتْ بِرَأْسِهَا إِلَى السَّمَاءِ، فَقُلْتُ: آيَةٌ، فَقَالَتْ بِرَأْسِهَا: أَيْ نَعَمْ.
Translation:
Narrated to us by Yahya bin Sulaiman, he said narrated to me by Abdullah bin Wahb, narrated to us by Sufyan Ath-Thawri, from Hisham bin Urwah, from Fatima bint Mundhir, and from Asma bint Abi Bakr (RA), she said: I entered upon Aisha (RA) while she was praying standing, and the people were also standing (in prayer). I asked: “What is the matter with the people?” She signaled with her head towards the sky. I asked: “Is it a sign?” She said with her head (nodded): “Yes.”
Sahih Bukhari
Book: Prayer
Chapter: Praying on a bed (is permissible).
Hadith Number: 382
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي مَالِكٌ ، عَنْ أَبِي النَّضْرِ مَوْلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: كُنْتُ أَنَامُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَرِجْلَايَ فِي قِبْلَتِهِ، فَإِذَا سَجَدَ غَمَزَنِي فَقَبَضْتُ رِجْلَيَّ، فَإِذَا قَامَ بَسَطْتُهُمَا، قَالَتْ: وَالْبُيُوتُ يَوْمَئِذٍ لَيْسَ فِيهَا مَصَابِيحُ.
Translation:
Narrated to us by Ismail bin Abi Owais, he said Imam Malik narrated to me from Abu An-Nadr, the freed slave of Umar bin Ubaidullah, from Abu Salamah bin Abdur Rahman, from Aisha (RA), the wife of the Prophet (ﷺ). She said: I used to sleep in front of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and my legs were in his Qibla direction. When he prostrated, he pinched me (lightly), so I would pull up my legs, and when he stood up, I would stretch them out again. She said: In those days, houses did not have lamps.
Jami Tirmidhi
Book: Prayer
Chapter: Smoothing pebbles during prayer is disliked (Makruh)
Hadith Number: 380
حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ، حَدَّثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ مُعَيْقِيبٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ مَسْحِ الْحَصَى فِي الصَّلَاةِ، فَقَالَ: إِنْ كُنْتَ لَا بُدَّ فَاعِلًا فَمَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ. قَالَ: وَفِي الْبَاب عَنْ مُعَيْقِيبٍ، وَعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، وَحُذَيْفَةَ، وَجَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى: حَدِيثُ أَبِي ذَرٍّ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ، وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ كَرِهَ الْمَسْحَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَقَالَ: إِنْ كُنْتَ لَا بُدَّ فَاعِلًا فَمَرَّةً وَاحِدَةً، كَأَنَّهُ رُوِيَ عَنْهُ رُخْصَةٌ فِي الْمَرَّةِ الْوَاحِدَةِ، وَالْعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ.
Translation:
Mu’aiqib (RA) says: I asked the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) about smoothing pebbles during prayer. He said: “If you must do it, then do it once.”
Imam Tirmidhi says: This Hadith is Hasan Sahih.
Takhrij Darussalam:
Sahih Bukhari/Actions in Prayer 8 (1207), Sahih Muslim/Mosques 12 (546), Sunan Abu Dawood/Prayer 175 (646), Sunan An-Nasa’i/Sahw 8 (1193), Sunan Ibn Majah/Iqamah 62 (1026), (Tuhfat al-Ashraf: 11485), Musnad Ahmad (3/426), and (5/425, 426) Sunan Darimi/Prayer 110 (1427) (Sahih)
Sheikh Al-Albani said: Sahih, Ibn Majah (1026)
Sahih and Da’eef Sunan Tirmidhi Al-Albani: Hadith Number 380
Clarification: Meaning, one should not keep playing with pebbles repeatedly during prostration; remove them just once so that the concentration and humility (Khushoo) of the prayer is not spoiled.
Sahih Bukhari
Book: Call to Prayers (Adhan)
Chapter: Whoever shortened the prayer upon hearing the crying of a child.
Hadith Number: 707
حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا الْوَلِيدُ ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: إِنِّي لَأَقُومُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُطَوِّلَ فِيهَا، فَأَسْمَعُ بُكَاءَ الصَّبِيِّ فَأَتَجَوَّزُ فِي صَلَاتِي كَرَاهِيَةَ أَنْ أَشُقَّ عَلَى أُمِّهِ، تَابَعَهُ بِشْرُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ، وَابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ ، وَبَقِيَّةُ ، عَنْ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ .
Translation:
Narrated to us by Ibrahim bin Musa, he said narrated to us by Al-Walid bin Muslim, he said narrated to us by Imam Abdur Rahman bin Amr Awza’i from Yahya bin Abi Kathir, from Abdullah bin Abi Qatadah, from his father Abu Qatadah Harith bin Rab’i (RA), from the Prophet (ﷺ) that he said: “I stand in prayer intending to prolong it, but I hear the crying of a child, so I shorten my prayer because I dislike causing hardship to his mother (who would be joining the prayer).”
Observe two Hadiths from Sahih Muslim!
Sahih Muslim
Book: Asceticism and Piety (Zuhd and Taqwa)
Chapter: Responding to the sneezer and the dislike of yawning.
International Hadith Number-2994
Islam360 Hadith Number: 7490
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَی بْنُ أَيُّوبَ وَقُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ السَّعْدِيُّ قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَعِيلُ يَعْنُونَ ابْنَ جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ الْعَلَائِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ التَّثَاؤُبُ مِنْ الشَّيْطَانِ فَإِذَا تَثَائَبَ أَحَدُکُمْ فَلْيَکْظِمْ مَا اسْتَطَاعَ
Translation:
Yahya bin Ayyub, Qutaibah bin Saeed, Ali bin Hujr As-Sa’di, Ismail Ibn Ja’far, Al-Ala, from his father, from Abu Hurairah (RA) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “Yawning is from Satan. So when one of you yawns, let him suppress it as much as possible.”
In the next narration it is:
حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو غَسَّانَ الْمِسْمَعِيُّ مَالِکُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ حَدَّثَنَا سُهَيْلُ بْنُ أَبِي صَالِحٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنًا لِأَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ يُحَدِّثُ أَبِي عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا تَثَاوَبَ أَحَدُکُمْ فَلْيُمْسِکْ بِيَدِهِ عَلَی فِيهِ فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ يَدْخُلُ (صحیح مسلم-2995)
Translation:
Abu Ghassan Al-Misma’i, Malik bin Abdul Wahid, Bishr bin Mufaddal, Suhail bin Abi Salih said I heard a son of Abu Saeed Al-Khudri telling my father from his father (Abu Saeed RA) that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “When one of you yawns, let him hold his hand over his mouth, for indeed Satan enters.”
Sahih Muslim
Book: Salutations and Greetings
Chapter: Seeking refuge from Satan’s whispering during prayer
Hadith Number: 5738
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَی بْنُ خَلَفٍ الْبَاهِلِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْأَعْلَی عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الْجُرَيْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَلَائِ أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ أَبِي الْعَاصِ أَتَی النَّبِيَّ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ قَدْ حَالَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ صَلَاتِي وَقِرَائَتِي يَلْبِسُهَا عَلَيَّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّی اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَاکَ شَيْطَانٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ خَنْزَبٌ فَإِذَا أَحْسَسْتَهُ فَتَعَوَّذْ بِاللَّهِ مِنْهُ وَاتْفِلْ عَلَی يَسَارِکَ ثَلَاثًا قَالَ فَفَعَلْتُ ذَلِکَ فَأَذْهَبَهُ اللَّهُ عَنِّي
Translation:
Yahya bin Khalaf Al-Bahili, Abdul A’la, Saeed Al-Jurairi, Abu Al-Ala, from Uthman bin Abi Al-Aas (RA) narrated that he came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said: “O Messenger of Allah! Satan has interfered between me and my prayer and my recitation, confusing me.” The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: “That is a devil called Khanzab. When you feel him, seek refuge in Allah from him and spit to your left three times.” He said: “I did that, and Allah drove him away from me.”
Note: It should be clear that spitting to the left here does not mean throwing phlegm or saliva on the person next to you, but rather making a dry spitting sound (blowing) towards your left shoulder that contains very light particles of saliva.
Sunan Abu Dawood
Book: Prayer
Chapter: Praying while leaning on a stick
Hadith Number: 948
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ السَّلَامِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْوَابِصِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، عَنْ شَيْبَانَ، عَنْ حُصَيْنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ هِلَالِ بْنِ يَسَافٍ، قَالَ: قَدِمْتُ الرَّقَّةَ، فَقَالَ لِي بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِي: هَلْ لَكَ فِي رَجُلٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ؟ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: غَنِيمَةٌ، فَدَفَعْنَا إِلَى وَابِصَةَ، قُلْتُ لِصَاحِبِي: نَبْدَأُ، فَنَنْظُرُ إِلَى دَلِّهِ، فَإِذَا عَلَيْهِ قَلَنْسُوَةٌ لَاطِئَةٌ ذَاتُ أُذُنَيْنِ، وَبُرْنُسُ خَزٍّ أَغْبَرُ، وَإِذَا هُوَ مُعْتَمِدٌ عَلَى عَصًا فِي صَلَاتِهِ، فَقُلْنَا: بَعْدَ أَنْ سَلَّمْنَا ؟: فَقَالَ: حَدَّثَتْنِي أُمُّ قَيْسٍ بِنْتُ مِحْصَنٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَلَمَّا أَسَنَّ وَحَمَلَ اللَّحْمَ اتَّخَذَ عَمُودًا فِي مُصَلَّاهُ يَعْتَمِدُ عَلَيْهِ.
Translation:
Hilal bin Yasaf says: I came to Raqqa (1), and one of my friends asked me: “Do you wish to meet a man from the Companions of the Prophet (ﷺ)?” I said: “Why not? It is a great gain.” So we went to Wabisah (RA). I said to my friend: “Let us start by observing his manner.” We saw that he was wearing a cap that stuck to his head with two ears (flaps), and a dusty-colored Burnus (hooded cloak) of silk/wool blend. And we saw that he was leaning on a stick during his prayer. After we greeted him, we asked him (about leaning on the stick in prayer). He said: Umm Qais bint Mihsan told me that when the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) grew older and put on weight, he took a pillar in his place of prayer to lean on.
Takhrij Darussalam:
Narrated only by Abu Dawood, (Tuhfat al-Ashraf: 18345) (Sahih)
Clarification:
1: Raqqa is the name of a city located on the Euphrates River in Syria.
2: Burnus is a type of garment that has a hood attached to it.
Although scholars differ on this issue, according to our knowledge, the correct view is that when a person is not a Hafiz of the Quran, they can hold the Holy Quran or a mobile phone etc. in their hand to recite during prayer when necessary. The Companions, Tabi’in, Imams, and Muhaddithin considered this action permissible. Similarly, if the one listening to the Imam among the followers is not a Hafiz, he can also listen to the Imam’s recitation while looking at the Quran so that he can remind the Imam if he forgets a verse.
It is narrated regarding Sayyidah Aisha (RA):
کانت عائشۃ یؤمّھا عندھا ذکوان من المصحف۔
“Aisha’s (RA) slave Zakwan used to lead her in prayer while looking from the Mushaf.”
(Sahih Al-Bukhari, Book of Adhan / Chapter: The Imamate of the slave and the freed slave, before Hadith Number-692)
(Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah: 337, 338/2)
(Kitab Al-Masahif by Ibn Dawood: 797)
(Al-Sunan Al-Kubra by Al-Bayhaqi: 253/2, and its chain is Sahih)
Imam Nawawi (May Allah have mercy on him) says:
“If someone reads the Quran from the Mushaf (during prayer), his prayer will not be invalid, whether he has memorized it or not. Rather, this is obligatory for him if he does not have Surah Al-Fatiha memorized. And if he has to turn its pages occasionally during his prayer, his prayer will not be invalid… This is our [Shafi’i] view and the view of Malik, Abu Yusuf, Muhammad, and Ahmad.” End quote.
(“Al-Majmu” 4/27)
Sunan An-Nasa’i
Book: The Book of the Commencement of the Prayer
Chapter: Clearing the throat during prayer
Hadith Number: 1212
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ قُدَامَةَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ الْعُكْلِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي زُرْعَةَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ جَرِيرٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ نُجَيٍّ، عَنْ عَلِيٍّ، قَالَ: كَانَ لِي مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَاعَةٌ آتِيهِ فِيهَا، فَإِذَا أَتَيْتُهُ اسْتَأْذَنْتُ إِنْ وَجَدْتُهُ يُصَلِّي فَتَنَحْنَحَ دَخَلْتُ، وَإِنْ وَجَدْتُهُ فَارِغًا أَذِنَ لِي.
Translation:
Ali (RA) says: I had a designated time with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) when I used to come to him. When I came to him, I would ask for permission. If I found him praying, he would clear his throat, and I would enter. If I found him free, he would give me permission (verbally).
Takhrij Darussalam: Sunan Ibn Majah/Al-Adab 17 (3708), (Tuhfat al-Ashraf: 10202), Musnad Ahmad 1/77, 80, 107, 150 (Weak Chain)
(Abdullah bin Nujayy did not hear from Ali (RA), meaning there is a break in the chain).
Sheikh Al-Albani said: Da’eef al-Isnad (Weak Chain).
Sahih and Da’eef Sunan An-Nasa’i Al-Albani: Hadith Number 1211
Note: This narration is weak in terms of its chain.
However, its text is correct when combined with other Hadiths.
As the Hadith mentioned above has passed, that if an issue arises during prayer, men should say SubhanAllah and women should clap to alert others.
Sahih Bukhari
Book: Shortening the Prayers
Chapter: Clapping, meaning striking hand upon hand, is only for women.
Hadith Number: 1203
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، حَدَّثَنَا الزُّهْرِيُّ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ: التَّسْبِيحُ لِلرِّجَالِ وَالتَّصْفِيقُ لِلنِّسَاءِ.
Translation:
Narrated to us by Ali bin Abdullah Al-Madini, he said narrated to us by Sufyan bin Uyainah, he said narrated to us by Al-Zuhri, from Abu Salamah, and from Abu Hurairah (RA) that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: (If something happens during prayer) men should say SubhanAllah and women should strike hand upon hand. (Meaning, they should inform the Imam by clapping. Note: Clapping is not done with palms facing each other, but by striking the right hand on the back of the left hand).
Similarly, when a door can be opened during prayer if needed, SubhanAllah or Alhamdulillah can be said, a question can be answered with a gesture, and a greeting can be returned with a gesture, then surely a signal can be given by clearing the throat or coughing to a child or adult so that they stop that harmful action. Likewise, permission can be given to someone entering the house by coughing, if they know and understand this signal.
Furthermore, there is a Fatwa by the Grand Mufti of Saudi Arabia, Sheikh Ibn Baz (May Allah have mercy on him), on its permissibility:
السؤال: يسأل أيضاً ويقول: ما حكم الأشخاص الذين يتنحنحون في الصلاة، وهل هذا جائز؟
الجواب:
إذا كان له داعي وأسباب لا بأس، إذا كان حصل لحلقه شيء وتنحنح لإزالة ما وقع في حلقه، أو استأذن عليه إنسان فتنحنح ليخبره أنه يصلي فلا حرج عليه، وإذا قال: سبحان الله كان أولى حتى يتنبه المستأذن، وقد روي عن علي أنه كان له من النبي ﷺ مدخلان، وكان إذا أتاه وهو يصلي تنحنح له ليعلم أنه يصلي، فالمقصود أنه إذا كان لها سبب، النحنحة لها سبب فلا حرج في ذلك، ولكن لا ينبغي له أن يكثر، تكون بين وقت وآخر، وأما إذا دعت حاجة إلى ذلك لأنه أصابه في حلقه شيء فتنحنح لذلك فلا حرج عليه إن شاء الله.
لكن لو أكثر من ذلك من غير سبب وتوالى هذا من العبث الذي يبطل الصلاة، إذا أكثر من ذلك وتوالت هذه النحنحة من دون سبب، من دون علة، فإن هذا من جنس العبث الآخر الذي يبطل الصلاة.
المقدم: جزاكم الله خيراً.
Summary: The summary of this is that it is permissible to cough during prayer due to illness or something stuck in the throat. Similarly, if someone asks a question or seeks permission, it is permissible to cough as a signal to answer them. If one says “SubhanAllah” instead of coughing, it is better, so that the questioner is alerted. However, this should not be excessive or continuous, because making too many unnecessary movements without reason invalidates the prayer.
https://binbaz.org.sa/fatwas/8999
Based on the Hadiths we read above, in which the Prophet (ﷺ) caught Abdullah bin Abbas with his hand and moved him to his right side, walked to open the door, picked up a child, etc., in light of these, we say that if a worshipper forgets to turn off their mobile ringer and it starts ringing during prayer, it is permissible to turn it off with their hand, and there is no religious harm in this. Because its continuation affects the humility and concentration (Khushoo) of other worshippers and becomes a cause of significant disturbance for them. When any action can be done with one’s hand during prayer for the benefit of the prayer, there is no harm in turning off the mobile as well.
Note: All these actions can be done in both voluntary (Nafl) and obligatory (Fard) prayers when necessary. It is not correct for some scholars to restrict these matters to voluntary prayers only. And remember that all these matters are permissible only when necessary and out of compulsion. Without any excuse, or repeatedly doing such things that affect the humility and concentration of the prayer, should be avoided, because sometimes unnecessary actions during prayer invalidate the prayer.
(And Allah knows best the truth)
Reference: https://alfurqan.info/problems/1636
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Very helpful to have these actions clarified with references to Bukhari and Muslim